International Law Analysis of the Israeli Military Attack on Iran: From the Perspective of International Responsibility and the Right to Self-Defense under the United Nations Charter
Subject Areas : رویه در حقوق بین المللAthar Darvishee 1 , Sayyed Nima Norouzi 2 , سید محمدرضا قاسم تبار 3
1 - PhD Student in International Law and Supervisor and Reviewer of Al-Thaqalayn Satellite and International Network, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Jurisprudence and Law, Faculty of Sciences and Knowledge, Al-Mustafa International University, Qom Seminary, Qom, Iran
3 - PhD in International Law; President of Al-Thaqalayn International Satellite Network, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: International Law, Self-Defense, United Nations Charter, Aggression, International Responsibility,
Abstract :
The Israeli regime's military attack on Iranian territory on June 13, 2025, which resulted in civilian casualties and the destruction of infrastructure, is a clear violation of fundamental international law principles. According to Article 2(4) of the United Nations Charter and related resolutions, the use of force against the territorial integrity and political independence of states is prohibited, and it is only legitimate in cases of self-defense or collective action by the Security Council. In this attack, the Israeli regime carried out an overt act of aggression without the authorization of the Security Council and in the absence of an immediate threat. Furthermore, targeting civilians and residential areas violates the principles of distinction and proportionality in humanitarian law and even constitutes war crimes. According to Article 51 of the Charter, Iran has the right to individual and collective self-defense, subject to the principles of necessity, proportionality, distinction, and immediate reporting to the Security Council. Iran can also pursue the Israeli regime's responsibility through international bodies such as the Security Council, the General Assembly, the International Court of Justice, and the International Criminal Court. This study analyzes the Israeli regime’s violations with reference to international documents, conventions, and rulings of international tribunals, emphasizing the legitimacy of Iran's right to self-defense.
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